During the third millennium 15 C ( 2700-1900 BC) highly developed civilization known as Harapan vation, existed along the riven fads and Sararat and Western Uttar Pradesh, all located in the north-score rt of South Asia. The area covered 2-6 million sq km by the Harappan Civilization extended from Skagender, on the Makran coast aated on the border of Iran and Pakistan, te Alamgirpur and Haas, Mali, Samlin gal, Nathali and Bulandhera Topal near greater Noids all on the Hinden ver in western Unar Prade Shurtaghai (Afghanistan) in the north to Daimahad in Winter Mahargahira Harappan sites in Delhi are Bhogh, Mandauls, Dhana and Karkan Nahar. Based on calibrated radiocarbon dates the age further ranges to c 2700-2000 BC. The early Harappan first made their settlement around e 3500 C in Hastan Later unt they shifted to Harappa and Mohenjodaro sod developed themselves further and became mature Harappan.
The Harappan houses were built mostly of bricks and sun on high platforms. The pattern of the civilization in certain respects was uniform as is evidenced not only by the seals, sealing, writings, beads, weights and mures, pottery, etc. but also by the bricks and brick laying technique which are the same The linear measuring scale has been found at Lothal Kalibangan, Mohenjodu and Allahadino Manure Harappan sites like Harappa, Mohenjodaro, and Kalibangan had each a citadel on a high mound in the west and a fortified cherished patterned lower town in the cast. The Dholavira town planning had three principal divisions named Acropolis (Cadet), Middle Town, and Lower Town, which were surrounded by a rectangular massive stone forti Geation wall. The Great Bath Tank ut Mohenjodaro shows the state of perfection reached in perfect building techniques. It is 39x23 feet in area and 8 feet deep.
The most beautiful of all the figures found at Mohenjodaro are two small figures of a dancing girl in bronze. The famous stone bust of a bearded man, clad in an embroidered shawl with trefoil motif, now in the National Museum, Karachi, resembles the image of a priest. A similar type of beach seated stone priest and Mongooses were recently reported from Disolavits. They used gold and silver to make bracelets, necklaces, bangles, earrings, head ornaments, and indies. The Gold Jewellery of the Mature Harappan period was reported from Mandi, Mohenjodaro, Baror Nindawari, Allahadino, Ralligarhi, Lothal, Kummer, Bhitrana Quenta, Farmcay Badly, Dholavira and Harappa.
The claim by some other scholars script is Proto-Brahmi and in the Sanskrit language may also be correct. The direction of the Harappan writing system was mostly from right to left and later on around 2000 BC (end of late Harappan) they started their system of writing from left to right.
Fire worship was a typical characteristic of mature Harappans. The cult of Siva and Saldi (mother goddess) was an important religion of mature Haruppun. Animal moveable heads, climbing monkeys, rattles, and whistles were used for the amusement of kids. The Harappan were familiar with Yoga The mature Harappan Burials were of three types (1) extended (2) rectangular pot burial with bone and (3) circular or oval pot bunal mostly without bones. The Copper Hronze industry was an important industry of the mature Harappan. The Harappan were known for copper casting and hammering techniques. A bronze model of two-wheeled carts at Harappa, Chanhudaro, Mohenjodaro, and Daimabad has confirmed that Harappan were using these for land transport. The flat-bottomed boats were used for transport in rivers and lakes. The discovery of a Harappan ploughed field from Kalibangan indicates the pattern of ploughing. The terracotta models of a plough from Banawali and Kaliban Suggest the shape of the ploughshare, which is not much different from the present ones. Around c. 2700-1900 B. C. the Harappan had trade contacts with Mesopotamia and other regions of South Asia.
